UHMWPE Rod

UHMWPE rod is an amazing engineering plastic which can solve many problems that other engineering plastics cannot. UHMWPE Rod is not as well-known as other plastics but is still highly important and has clear advantages over other more common engineering plastics.

Because UHMWPE rod has excellent abrasion resistance it is often used for sand, gravel or aggregate process applications. These environments are incredibly harsh on any bearing material but UHMWPE is one of the few engineering plastics capable of withstanding such punishing abuse.

UHMWPE Rod can also be used for low friction pulleys because of its very low co-efficient provides a bearing medium that is very free running and exceptionally long lasting. It is often found in food production environments where high volumes of containers need to be guided along conveyors or production lines. Because it has very low moisture absorption, it is also found in some high demand areas of marine applications. It’s sometimes used in some cryogenic components due to its low operating temperature abilities.

Because of its resistance to wear and impact, UHMWPE continues to find increasing industrial applications, including the automotive and bottling sectors. Since the 1960s, it has also been the most commonly used material for total joint arthroplasty in orthopaedic and spine implants.

Application for UHMWPE Rod:

• UHMWPE rod is usually chosen for it's low co-efficient of friction and so means it will produce bearings, bushes or pulleys that are highly free running, low friction and durable
• UHMWPE rod is also remarkably abrasive resistant. Therefore the UHMWPE rod can be used in high demand environments such as grit or gravel and have a longer life span when compared to other materials
• UHMWPE rod can often be used in high demand components in the food industry because it has a very low moisture absorption. UHMWPE rod has FDA approval and means that bearings etc. will not expand due to any moisture absorption
• UHMWPE rod is used in the marine industry for pulleys because of its low friction and minimal moisture absorption

Advantages of UHMWPE Rod:

•     UHMWPE is odourless, tasteless, and nontoxic,
•      Has extremely low moisture absorption
•     Very low coefficient of friction
•     Self-lubricating and is highly resistant to abrasion.
•     Very resistant to water, moisture, most chemicals
•     Resistant to UV radiation, and micro-organisms.
•     UHMWPE only becomes brittle at temperatures below −150 °C.

Fish Feed Extrusion Process with Extruder Machine

The early-stage extrusion processing was mainly used in food processing industry. Since the nineteen fifties, America had started to use this technology for feed processing field, especially for processing pet food and pretreatment of feed ingredients. 

Till the nineteen eighties, it has become the fastest developing technique of feed processing industry in the world, and has started to be applied in each sphere of feeding stuff industry, widely used for dry pet foods, some applications for livestock feed and fish feed. With the unceasing development of technology and the continuous rising of people living standard, the growth of aquaculture must follow the principle of producing green food without pollution, bringing significant attention and lots of intensive study on aqua feed production technology. And there is a consensus that adopting extrusion process to make fish feed is the major means to ensure producing high quality and safe aquatic products for human health, which is also a trend for feed industry progress in the future.

Commercial fish feed extrusion process refers to cook the mixture of feed ingredients under high temperature, moisture and high pressure by means of fish feed extruder within short time, whereby the high temperature is a direct result of friction(dry extrusion) or preconditioning and steam injection (wet extrusion). As a technological treatment, extrusion can make it possible to process a variety of fish feed ingredients, such as soybean, corn, rice, peas and raw materials with high water content. According to the moisture content of raw materials treatment, fish feed extrusion process can be divided into two types — dry type extrusion and wet type extrusion.

Currently, the main extrusion equipment applied in aquatic feed production is single screw fish feed extruder which is also divided into dry type fish feed extruder and wet type fish feed extruder machine. With different parameters and feed formulation, fish farmers and feed plants can make floating, sinking and slow-sinking feed with high quality and nutrition so as to adapt for diverse ingestion requirements of various aquatic animals. Adopting alloy steel as material, FANWAY dry type fish feed extruder has been widely used in small-scale and medium-scale fish farm or feed plants to produce aqua feed and also dog/cat pet feed in virtue of its simple structure and low noise. Other than dry type, the wet type fish feed extruder machine is equipped with a boiler that can add vapor constantly into chamber when extruding feed ingredients, which makes it widely applied to produce floating fish feed pellets for fish farm, aquaculture and even poultry farms.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/fish-feed-extrusion-process-with-extruder-machine

Polycarbonate Sheets Vs. Plastic

Polycarbonate sheets have been proven to be superior to other plastic materials used in similar applications in almost every area of comparison. Furthermore, with various categories in polycarbonate available, it is polycarbonate multiwall sheets that are the finest ones as they perform the most effectively for long years with low maintenance and provide excellent value for money. Made from extruded sheets, there are no thickness variations seen in these sheets, unlike other plastics. Let us compare polycarbonate and plastics in a few areas of functionality to see which one proves better.

Polycarbonate provides up to 89% light transmission while plastic provides 80%.
Polycarbonate provides excellent impact and weather resistance, compared to the average resistance in case of plastics.
Temperature resistance in case of polycarbonates ranges up to 120 degree Celsius, while in case of plastics is only below 100 degree Celsius.
Polycarbonate is self-extinguishing and plastic is flammable.

With all these properties, you can get a clear understanding of why polycarbonate is far better than plastic. Last but not the least, polycarbonate is far more easier to maintain than plastic.

Convinced enough to opt for polycarbonate? For any kind of polycarbonate sheet, you can rely on the products provided by Tuflite Polymers. Since the past two decades, multiple commercial establishments, industrial applications, residential areas and warehouses have been using our products for use in their construction, advertising and security industries. Some popular applications include skylights, pergolas, greenhouses, skywalks, stadium roofing, awnings, indoor partitions, market buildings, swimming pool covers, carports, billboards, signages, police shields and safety glazing.

Types of polycarbonate sheets

Solid and textured polycarbonate sheets
Solid and textured sheets can withstand weather extremities, may it be heavy rains, scorching winters or zero degree winters. They have high impact strength, durability, flexibility, and are transparent and light weight. They also possess thermal and chemical resistance. They are also easy to cut and drill. Moreover, they are very easy to store, handle and install. Besides, they are also available in embossed texture that gives the appearance of frosted glass, thus enhancing the look for indoor and outdoor applications.

Multiwall polycarbonate sheets
Multiwall sheets are those versatile sheets that provide outstanding flexibility, heat reflection and light transmission. They are manufactured from high quality polycarbonate resin that provides high impact strength, transparency and light-weightiness to the sheets. These sheets can also tolerate extreme weather conditions, and are also flame resistant.

Corrugated polycarbonate sheets
Corrugated sheets have superior performance with excellent impact resistivity. They are fit for commercial, industrial and residential applications as they are manufactured with precise specifications and are greatly beneficial for enhancing daylight harvesting. These sheets adopt two-wall structures that provide high light transmission and superior strength.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/polycarbonate-sheets-plastic

The Brief Description of Pipes and Its Various Applications

Plastic pipes are found under the wider category of industrial pipes. These include systems that help to preserve the requirements of the environment. Usually, they are favored because of their assurance on energy ability while thousands of products are going through manufacturing procedures. The Storm Water Pipe & Fittings are lightweight considering that they are long lasting. Since they are flexible, they do not use as much energy during fabrication, shipping and fitting methods when compared to concrete or metal choices for piping systems. The plastic pipes are reliable even when corrosion and abrasion resistance are being talked about. They also provide leak safety, which makes them highly supportive in several applications that are further explained below.

Water System Application:
This kind of industrial pipe has been extensively accepted in municipal as well as industrial water systems. Using high density polyethylene, the water systems are assured to be free from leakages and can be moved from one place to another without much difficulty.

Drainage System Application:
The crumpled polyethylene pipe is considered as one of the durable, reliable and cost effective solutions for drainage systems. Even in severe hard weather conditions such as storm, this piping system is mostly preferred from the best Pipe Distributors Adelaide.

Fuel Gas Applications:
Fuel gas delivery was listed as one of the first utilization for plastic piping systems. This type of pipe is admirable in the industry because of its lightweight and flexibility that are available in long coils.

Heating & Plumbing Applications:
As for heating and plumbing applications, the pipes are selected not only because it has the capacity to resist corrosion but also because it prevents alkaline solutions, salts, fat and oil.

Extruder clogged at mid-print?

The first tip is, and believe, it is a must-have! its a filament dust filter. its pretty simple and you will only need a bit of filament to print, a small sponge and a bit of oil (optional but recommended)

After you print this filter, cut a small block of sponge (a new kitchen sponge is great for it), and put it inside the filter. you can also use the filter to help the filament trough the pfte tube (used on Bowden setups), a few drops of oil will help a lot with the friction for months.

The second tip is even easier, do not keep the plastic away from its bag! but why? three main reasons!
Dust will accumulate on it
Humidity and air pollution will decrease the filament quality over time, it will break easier and this is a huge problem if you use bowden setup with corners
Three: Sun light is known to crack plastic over time, thus decreasing its quality

Third tip: Research the manufacturer on the internet before buying, there are both good and terrible options, price doesn’t means anything! trust me!, once i’ve bought a 60$ filament, and guess what? it was terrible! a 10$ one from china was incredibly best.

Fourth tip: Not always clogging means bad filament, sometimes there is something wrong with the nozzle and the stepper, follow this checklist:

1 > Thermistor!
Check the nozzle temperature!, the thermistor might break or get loose over time, maybe it showing 200C but actually its 160C. check if it is okay. a laser thermometer is great for it. Warning! Loose thermistor are known to cause the printer to get on fire! This is extremely dangerous!

2 > Nozzle Cleaning
2.0 > Heat the extruder to 160C and remove the filament inside,
2.1 > Heat up the extruder up to 300C (don’t worry), and wait for 30 seconds after the temperature gets to 300.
2.2 > load filament in the extruder and try to extrude about 1 meter! (it will take some time), if there are failures you should remove the filament and try again from step 1. until it comes out linearly. Be sure that the extrusion speed is not too fast,
2.3 > If the filament is going out ok, try printing again, it should have worked. if not, you might need to open it and do a harder cleaning, with drill and some needles. try this tip a few times, remove and insert the filament and try to insert again.

3 > All-Metal extruder refrigeration
This is a common issue, the all-metal extruder is composed of three parts, Heat dissipator; Heat-break and the Heated block
The heat dissipator and the heat-break work together to keep the heat only at the block. a bad quality heat-break will let too much heat go up to the dissipator, which will get too hot and melt the filament where it was not supposed to and will make it jam. Make sure you use one with a PFTE core.
There is also the cooler! you need a good quality cooler to help the dissipator, if you don’t use one, this might be the problem.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/extruder-clogged-at-mid-print

Physical & Chemical properties of rubber

Physical properties:In relaxed state, rubber is in the form of long, coiled-up chains. By stretching of rubber the all chains will come very close as result, kinetic energy exerted in the form of heat. In chain elongation process entropy and temperatures required during this process are increases. When chain in relaxed state both entropy and temperatures decreases.

Relaxation of a stretched rubber band is thus driven by a decrease in entropy and temperature, and the force experienced is a result of the cooling of the material being converted to potential energy. The material undergoes adiabatic cooling during contraction.

Vulcanization of rubber creates disulfide bonds between chains. The result is that the chains tighten more quickly for a given strain, thereby increasing the elastic force constant and making rubber harder and less extensible.

Chemical properties:Like plastic, rubber is also a type of polymer, made of subunits called monomers. In rubber, the monomer is isoprene. As the latex dries, the isoprene molecules mass together and one isoprene molecule attacks a carbon-carbon double bond of a neighboring molecule. One of the double bonds breaks and the electrons repositioned to form a bond between the two isoprene molecules.

The process continues until long strands of many isoprene molecules linked like a chain. This long chain of strands is called as polyisoprene polymer. As the drying continues, the polyisoprene strands stick together by forming electrostatic bonds. The attraction between these strands holds the rubber fibers together and allows them to stretch and to recover.

Why Choose PTFE Sheet?

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sounds like a lot of scientific but it is better known by its brand name: Teflon. Everyone likely have a collection of non-stick pots and pans that are coated with PTFE. The combination of chemical and physical properties of PTFE is a consequence of its true fluorocarbon structure. This unusual structure leads to a material which has an almost universal chemical inertness; complete insolubility in all known solvents below 300°C; excellent thermal stability; and unsurpassed electrical properties, including low dielectric loss, low dielectric constant and high dielectric strength. Furthermore, PTFE does not embrittle at very high or at very low temperatures.

1. High temperature resistance: It could work stable between 200°C and +260°C.
2. Low temperature resistance. It has excellent mechanical toughness in -180°C.
3. High lubricating property.
4. Excellent insulation property.
5. Nice non-sticky property.
6. Nonhazardous
7. Anti-corrosion.
8. Long durability

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/why-choos-ptfe-sheet

Advantage of Using Gas Furnace

The gas furnace is present in every house nowadays. It is very common that every people avail cheap cost gas furnace rental or low price purchase. In the winter season gas furnace is our best friend to warm our bodies up and survive the cold weather. The gas furnace can work either you use a propane or natural gas. This heating system is a very famous due to its efficiency and reliability.

What is the advantage of a Gas furnace? Here are six important points that give you benefit if you own a gas furnace:

• Gas Furnace Efficiency
• Gas Furnace Reliability
• Gas Furnace Cost-Effectiveness
• Gas Furnace Fast Response Time
• Gas Furnace Accommodates Additional Systems
• Gas Furnace High Safety Standards

Gas Furnace Efficiency

The gas furnace is a highly effective in heating up your home and providing comfort to you and your family.
This device can produce heat because of the combustion that allows fast and effective heating.
You can attain a better regulation in temperature to all areas of your house with a good quality air gas furnace.

Gas Furnace Reliability

These heaters are very known because of its reliability and its durability.
The gas furnace can provide long years of services of a reliable heating.
With proper maintenance and cleaning, gas furnace will continue to work at the peak of effectiveness.

Gas Furnace Cost-Effectiveness

The gas furnaces require an upfront cost during the purchase installation but you make up your initial cost so fast because of its high efficiency, it will cost you less when it is running compared to electronic or hydronic heaters.

Gas Furnace Fast Response Time

Heaters that are operated with gas heats your house faster.
Compared to electronic furnaces that will lag before they bring your desired temperature.
Once the gas furnaces are turned on, you easily feel the temperature changing within a few minutes.

Gas Furnace Accommodates Additional Systems

The gas furnace can work with other air conditioners including central air conditioners, central vacuum systems and other similar types of appliances.
If you decide to invest in a gas furnace, you don’t have to worry about replacing any existing central appliances.

Gas Furnace High Safety Standards.

Poisoning because of carbon monoxide is a huge concern for the people looking at the gas furnace.
However, gas furnaces have already had controls that block toxic fume or the combustion before they have a chance to enter your house.
A gas furnace has filters that keep the environment of your house free from allergens and any harmful particles.

This is how Gas furnace works. As soon as the gas furnace begin the heating process, a fan called as draft fan inducer motor draws air into the burner assembly and the gas is released and the burner is ignited simultaneously. The heat exchangers are heated by the heat from the burners and the air inside the burner is exhausted and blown out. And then a blower fan turns on and brings cool air from your living spaces to the return ducts and blows the cool air to the warmed heat exchanger. The air is continually blown to the ducts delivering to the house. This cycle will continue until the house is warmed.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/advantage-of-using-gas-furnace

What’s the Difference Between a Gas Furnace and an Electric One?

When it comes to replacing your furnace, you may be able to choose between a gas furnace and an electric furnace. Both offer benefits to homeowners depending on the home’s current configuration. Natural gas remains the most commonly used fuel source for heat in the United States, but in some cases, electric can be a better bet. Which is right for you?

Which Is Less Expensive: Gas or Electric Furnaces?

In some cases, homeowners focus on the cost of the heating system in determining the best purchase option. Gas furnaces are 20 to 50% higher in price than an electric model. However, these upfront costs are secondary to the actual cost of using the system. Generally speaking, natural gas costs less than electric fuel in many areas. Consider the long-term cost benefits when choosing.

Other Considerations Between Electric and Gas Furnaces

As you take into consideration all of your options, keep the following in mind:

• Choosing the same type of fuel you use now can help you to keep costs lower since new installations are easier.
• It’s most important to consider energy efficiency in any model. This can play a bit role in overall costs.
• Calculate heating costs for your home. Allow your HVAC professional to help you determine what you can expect from both fuel sources for your home.
• Both gas furnaces and electric furnaces are safe options. Electric heating is far less efficient than most gas systems, which does play a role both in your costs as well as in environmental risks. However, homeowners should choose a system that’s right for their needs.

PTFE Rod Extrusion Line

Machine's Features:Automatic;Computerized;Rod Dia Range Min - Max Dia:4mm -500 mm;Production Per Hour in Kg:7-10+;Using for Pre-sintering PTFE material;Suit for new PTFE material or Recycle PTFE material...

Rod Extruder Features:

ü  Save time and money.

ü  PLC design and easy to operate.

ü  Long time span. No heating effect during operation.

ü  With latest technology and optimized design.

ü  Min - Max Dia:4-20mm.

ü  Production Per Hour:  7-10+ kg/h.

ü  Automatic operation.

Machine Features:

Teflon PTFE Rods bar Ram Extruder single screw Machine Dia 4-500mm

1.Horizontal Ram Extruder for PTFE rod

2.Ram extruding machine for PTFE rod

3.Using for Pre-sintering PTFE material.

4.Suit for new PTFE material or Recycle PTFE material.


Rod Extruder Features Include:

1. Save time and money, good advantage price offer to customers.

2. Intelligent and easy-to-use operations.

3. Small workplace required due to its compact design and electricity saving machine.

4. Super quality output and the physical properties is adjustable.

5. Precise temperature control, reaches + -1 degree.

6. Long- life, with modern technology and optimized design.

Some of the key benefits of non-asbestos gasket sheet

Gaskets are not given the importance which they deserve because of the fact that they are not very much costly. Normally they are overlooked, but capture attention only when problem arises and at that time you need to deal with heavy maintenance costs and this appears as a great issue in the long run. The main function of gasket is to deliver robust seal. Gasket is all about dealing with the imperfections that arise between surfaces that mate. External factors are used for the purpose of compressing gasket into the irregularities that are present between surfaces that meet.

It is believed that even a minor leakage is good enough for causing problems as it enhances the requirements related to maintenance and also the life of boiler is reduced. However, with the gaskets that don’t contain any asbestos you will not have to face such kinds of problems very often.

Removing is also simple and you don’t have to deal with any kind of special requirements such as grinding, scraping or chiseling. This is again another factor which is responsible for bringing a decrease in costs related to maintenance.
Installation is also easy so you are not likely to face any kind of complications. Dangers related to overtightening are not present because the material has amazing strength.

This kind of sheet gasketing is very well suited to the rougher surfaces and you don’t face any kind of special problem. The material used in the making shows enough resilience because of this reason it shows proper compatibility with topography of the surface. With suitable coating the gasket sheet material shows strong resistance towards different kinds of chemical attacks making it ideal for use.
Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/some-of-the-key-benefits-of-non-asbestos-gasket-sheet

Basic Information About PTFE Ring Gasket

PTFE Ring Gasket is a highly demanded product in the industries where so many chemical applications can take place on a regular basis and where the chances of leakage in the pipe joints are high. It is manufactured by cutting PTFE stick, pipe, and sheet into flat shape. PTFE Ring Gaskets Manufacturers always use the best component and technique that make it capable of handling adverse environment pressure. It’s 100% PTFE structure offers you benefits like corrosion resistance and protection from any damage.

It is temperature and corrosion proof and mostly used in the flange joints of various equipment and pipes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Due to its strong structure, it has the capability to bear chemical effects and has a very good anti-creeping performance. It is a kind of sealing device between two flange faces that comes in a ring shape and available with pressure and temperature rating requirement of your industry. It helps to keep liquid and gasses inside the pipe and prevent the situation of spray outs or leakage in the industry.

These are available in 100% virgin PTFE grade that increases its efficiency and makes it very easy to install and remove as well. It has a very long-lasting life and provides high resistance to corrosion, which makes this PTFE Ring Gasket the first choice of almost all the chemical industries.

Reveal The Carbon Fiber Tube Forming Process

Growing demand for carbon fiber material on the market, compared with the commonly used metal or plastic, it obviously, the advantages of light weight, high strength, specific strength is four times higher than steel, not rusting, corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, long using life. Carbon fiber tube is one of the common carbon fiber material, different processing methods, for its performance, appearance, price has a certain influence, this article, small make up just to tell you the carbon fiber molding process.

Winding molding process: after carbon fiber raw material in resin is arranged in 3 d on the preparation of instruments, as the rotation of the machine fiber interweave shape. Adjustment method, can produce the plain or twill carbon fiber tubes, appearance is very beautiful. Its shock resistance, excellent mechanical properties such as shear strength also. The manufacture process of steel tubes in the carbon fiber is the most popular on the market.

Pultrusion process: this process is the most simple, pull the carbon fiber raw material by liquid resin mixture can be, don’t need sophisticated instruments and equipment, low cost, the price is cheap, but whether it’s performance and appearance cannot be compared with the winding pipe.

Moulding process: do moulds according to the shape of the pipe size first, then made beforehand in the closed mold, carbon fiber into resin, waiting for curing. It is easy to realize automation of production, the products of high precision, but open mold will cost a lot of cost and is suitable for mass production.

In practical use, mainly ACTS as carbon fiber tube structure, such as transmission shaft, tripod, sailing mast component, golf clubs, aircraft wings. The use of carbon fiber material, of course, much more than that, it can also be processed into the purse, wallet, chair, manipulator, high iron parts, auto parts, medical equipment, in the civil and military industries were applied.

High-temperature Chamber Furnaces & Tube Furnace

For production sintering operations, certain furnace design considerations are common regardless of whether you are working in metals, ceramics, or glass and regardless of what industry you work in. In order to achieve compression without liquefication, accurate temperature control and careful atmosphere monitoring are essential to uniformity and throughput.

Typically, the higher-temperature continuous furnaces used for sintering operations are known as “pusher furnaces” or “walking-beam furnaces.” A pusher furnace moves the work through on a series of boats or plates. One boat is pushed against another in a continuous train. A pusher furnace only pauses long enough to remove a boat at the exit end and add one at the entrance end. This is considered a constant push.

A walking-beam furnace utilizes a pusher mechanism to bring the boat into the furnace and place it on the beams. These beams are analogous to a series of rails. The rails are on cams, which lift up, forward and down, essentially walking the boat or carrier through the furnace. At the exit end, the boats are then commonly transferred onto a belt for the cooling section.

A tube furnace is an electric heating device used to conduct syntheses and purifications of inorganic compounds and occasionally in organic synthesis. One possible design consists of a cylindrical cavity surrounded by heating coils that are embedded in a thermally insulating matrix. Temperature can be controlled via feedback from a thermocouple. More elaborate tube furnaces have two (or more) heating zones useful for transport experiments. Some digital temperature controllers provide an RS232 interface, and permit the operator to program segments for uses like ramping, soaking, sintering, and more. Advanced materials in the heating elements, such as molybdenum disilicide offered in certain models can now produce working temperatures up to 1800 °C. This facilitates more sophisticated applications. Common material for the reaction tubes include alumina, Pyrex, and fused quartz.

The tube furnace was invented in the first decade of the 20th century and was originally used to manufacture ceramic filaments for Nernst lamps and glowers.

Soutrce:https://www.sukoptfe.com/high-temperature-chamber-furnaces-tube-furnace

High-temperature Vacuum Sintering Furnaces

Vacuum sintering, refers to the process that making the powder material into dense material in the condition of the vacuum.People use this process to produce ceramics, powder metallurgy, refractories, ultra-high temperature materials.

In general, after forming the powder and by the sintering process, it becomes the density mateiral.The sintering process directly affects the grain size, pore size and grain boundary shape and distribution in the microstructure, thus affecting the properties of the material.

These furnaces are equipped with electrical resistance heating or with inductive heating. They can be used for numerous purposes because they apply vacuum as well as inert atmospheres. This main application is debinding and subsequent sintering of ceramics or powder metallurgical parts.

They are also used for different high - temperature processes such as carburisation, recrystallisation, silicon infiltration, nitridation (formation of Si3N4), vacuum sintering or metallisation.
Available volume: 1 dm³ to 10 m³ at max. temperatures of 2800 °C.

Examples for materials that can be processed in FCT furnaces are:

• Composite materials, MMC and CMC material
• Reaction bonded silicon nitride and nitride bonded silicon carbide used in various high temperature applications such as welding nozzles and fixtures, components for aluminium founderies, kiln furniture etc.
• Sintered silicon nitride and sialon (parts for mechanical applications at high temperatures, e.g. wear parts, motor components etc.)
• Reaction bonded silicon carbide SiSiC (e.g. axial face seals, composite materials, kiln furniture etc.)
• Pressureless sintered silicon carbide (parts for high performance applications at high temperatures or in severe environments).
• Hard metals (WC, TaC, TiC, NbC) with a metallic “binder” such as Co or Ni.
• Refractory metals: metals with very high melting points, like W, Mo, Ta, Nb etc.
• Advanced kiln furniture based on SSiC, RSiC, SiSiC, NSiC and composite materials.
• Rare-earth-metal-alloys e.g. samarium-cobalt or neodym-boron-iron, as high performance permanent magnets

Other high performance materials which are used at very high temperatures and very high pressures.

PTFE Plastic Molding Machine

Since PTFE will not flow above its melting point, it cannot be injection molded and requires special processing techniques. Molded PTFE is processed by first compression molding the powder into preforms, and then sintering the preforms in a process analogous to sintered metal processing. This process creates geometric shapes that can then be machined, fused, and/or welded.

Product Description for Automatic Molding:

Automatic molding, a semi-automated form of compression molding, is the process Sunkoo uses for the manufacture of medium-volume to large-volume net molded and near net molded PTFE components. The automatic molding process requires dedicated tooling, typically requires minimal operator intervention and plastic parts can be fabricated relatively rapidly.

With the use of precise tooling and processing, parts manufactured using the automatic molding process can be produced to relatively close tolerances, but not to the accuracy of a fully machined part. Components are economically molded by utilizing a process of automated filling of the die cavity, applying pressure, and part ejection.

Other advantages of the Automatic molding process include:

·         Little or no scrap material as compared to the "typical" PTFE machining process from stock shapes (rod or tube)

·         Lower part cost, with minimal or sometimes no machining steps required

·         Components that are molded and sintered into final forms and shapes have reduced stress defects compared to machined parts (from cutting, milling, etc.)

PTFE Products and attributes

PTFE's mechanical properties are low compared to other plastics, and can be used over a wide temperature range of -100°F to +400°F (-73°C to 204°C). ). It has excellent thermal and electrical insulation properties and a low coefficient of friction. PTFE is very dense and cannot be processed by melting. PTFE must be compressed and sintered to form useful shapes. 

PTFE Sheet, Rod, & Tube - Thermal stability PTFE is one of the most thermally stable plastic materials. There are no appreciable decompositions at 260°C, so that PTFE, at this temperature, still possesses most of its properties. Appreciable decomposition begins at over 400°C.

PTFE Transition points -The geometry of the PTFE molecules (crystalline structure) varies with the temperature. There are different transition points, with the most important ones being the following: that at 19°C corresponding to a modification of some physical properties and that at 327°C which corresponds to the disappearance of the crystalline structure: the PTFE assumes an amorphous aspect conserving its own geometric form.

PTFE Expansion -The linear thermal expansion coefficient varies with the temperature. In addition, because of the orientation caused by the working process, the PTFE pieces are generally anisotropic; in other words, the coefficient of expansion varies also in relation to direction.

PTFE Thermal conductivity -The coefficient of the thermal conductivity of PTFE does not varies with the temperature. It is relatively high, so that PTFE can be considered to be a good insulating material. The mixing of suitable fillers improves the thermal conductivity (see filled PTFE).

PTFE Specific heat -The specific heat, as well as the heat content (enthalpy) increases with the temperature.

PTFE Behaviour in presence of foreign agents

PTFE Resistance to chemical agents -PTFE is practically inert against known elements and compounds. It is attacked only by the alkaline metals in the elementary state, by Chlorine trifluoride and by elementary Fluorine at high temperatures and pressures.

PTFE Solvent resistance -PTFE is insoluble in almost all solvents at temperatures up to about 300°C. Fluorinated hydrocarbons cause a certain swelling which is however reversible; some highly fluorinated oils, at temperatures over 300°C, exercise a certain dissolving effect upon PTFE.

PTFE Resistance to atmospheric agents and light -Test pieces of PTFE, exposed for over twenty years to the most disparate climatic conditions, have not shown any alteration of their characteristic properties.

PTFE Resistance to radiations -High energy radiations tend to cause the breaking of the PTFE molecule, so that the resistance of the product to radiations is rather poor.

PTFE Gas permeability -The permeability of PTFE is similar to other plastic materials. The permeability does not depend, obviously, only on the thickness and pressure, but also on the working techniques.
Physical - mechanical properties

Tensile and compressive properties These properties are to a large degree influenced by the working processes and the employed powder. PTFE, however, can be used continuously at temperatures up to 260°C, while possessing still a certain compressive plasticity at temperatures near to the absolute Zero.

PTFE Flexibility -PTFE is quite flexible and does not break when subjected to stresses of 0,7 N/mm2 according to ASTM D 790. Flexural modulus is about 350 to 650 N/mm2 at room temperature, about 2000 N/mm2 at -80°C, about 200 N/mm2 at 100°C and about 45 N/mm2 at 260°C.

Impact properties -PTFE possesses very high resilience characteristics also at low temperatures.

Plastic memory -If a piece of PTFE is subjected to tensile or compression stresses below the yield point, part of the resulting deformations remain (as permanent deformations) after the discontinuance of the stresses, with the result that certain strains are induced in the piece. If the piece is reheated, these strains tend to release themselves within the piece which resumes its original form. This property of the PTFE is commonly indicated as "plastic memory" and is made use of in different applications.

Also most of the semi-finished products, because of the transformation processes, possesses similar strains, to a certain degree. When it is desired to obtain semi-finished parts dimensionally stable at high temperatures, it is possible to subject the parts to a temperature of 280°C for one hour every 6 mm of thickness and then cool them slowly. The parts obtained in this manner are almost completely free from internal strains and are in general known as "conditioned" or "thermostabilised" material.

Hardness -The hardness Shore D, measured according to the method ASTM D 2240, has values comprised between D50 and D60. According to DIN 53456 (load 13,5 Kg for 30 sec) the hardness sways between 27 and 32 N/mm2.

Friction -PTFE possesses the lowest friction coefficients of all solid materials; between 0.05 and 0.09:

* the static and dynamic friction coefficients are almost equal, so that there is no seizure or stick-slip action
* when increasing the load, the friction coefficient decreases until reaching a stable value
* the friction coefficient increases with the speed
* the friction coefficient remains constant at temperature variations.

Wear -The wear depends upon the condition of the other sliding surface and obviously depends upon the speed and loads. The wear is considerably reduced when adding suitable fillers to the PTFE (see filled PTFE).
Electrical properties

PTFE Insulation -PTFE is an excellent insulator and precious dielectric as shown by the relative data reported in datasheet and maintains these characteristics throughout a large range of environmental conditions, temperatures and frequencies.

Dielectric strength -The dielectric strength of PTFE varies with the thickness and decreases with increasing frequency. It remains practically constant up to 300°C and does not vary even after a prolonged treatment at high temperatures (6 months at 300°C). It depends also upon the transformation processes.

Dielectric constant and dissipation factor -PTFE has very low dielectric constant and dissipation factors values; these remain unvaried until 300°C, in a frequency field of up to 109 Hz even after a prolonged thermal treatment (6 months at 300°C). The dielectric constant, dissipation factor as well as the volume resistivity and surface resistivity, considered as being independent from the transformation processes.

Arc-resistance -PTFE has a good resistance to the arc. The arc resistance time according to ASTM D 495 is 700 sec..
After a prolonged action there are no signs of surface charing.

Corona effect resistance -The discharges caused by the corona effect may result in erosions of the PTFE surface which, nevertheless, is indicated as a suitable insulator in case of high potential differences.
Surface properties

The molecular configuration of PTFE brings to its surfaces a high anti-adhesiveness. For the same reason these surfaces are hardly wettable, the contact angle with water is about 110° and it is possible to affirm that, beyond a surface tension of 20 dine/cm, the liquid no longer wets the PTFE. A special etching treatment renders the surfaces bondable and wettable.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/ptfe-products-and-attributes

Blow & Rotational Molding

Both of these processes are used to make hollow, seamless parts out of thermoplastic polymers. Rotational molding can also be used for thermosets. Parts range in size from small plastic bottles of only 5 ml (0.15 oz) to large storage drums of 38,000 l (10,000 gal) capacity. Although the two processes compete in certain cases, generally they have found their own niches. Blow molding is more suited to the mass production of small disposable containers, while rotational molding favors large hollow shapes.

Blow molding is a molding process in which air pressure is used to inflate soft plastic into a mold cavity. It is an important industrial process for making one-piece hollow plastic parts with thin walls, such as bottles and similar containers. Since many of these items are used for consumer beverages for mass markets, production is typically organized for very high quantities. The technology is borrowed from the glass industry with which plastics compete in the disposable or recyclable bottle market.

Extrusion Blow Molding. This form of blow molding consists of the cycle illustrated below. In most cases, the process is organized as a very high production operation for making plastic bottles. The sequence is automated and usually integrated with downstream operations such as bottle filling and labeling. It is usually a requirement that the blown container be rigid, and rigidity depends on wall thickness among other factors.

Injection Blow Molding. In this process, the starting parison is injection molded rather than extruded. A simplified sequence is outlined in below. Compared to its extrusion-based competitor, the injection blow-molding process has a lower production rate, which explains why it is less widely used.

In a variation of injection blow molding, called stretch blow molding , the blowing rod extends downward into the injection molded parison during step 2, thus stretching the soft plastic and creating a more favorable stressing of the polymer than conventional injection blow molding or extrusion blow molding. The resulting structure is more rigid, with higher transparency and better impact resistance. The most widely used material for stretch blow molding is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyester that has very low permeability and is strengthened by the stretch-blow-molding process. The combination of properties makes it ideal as a container for carbonated beverages.

Materials and Products. Blow molding is limited to thermoplastics. Polyethylene is the polymer most commonly used for blow molding; in particular, high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE and HMWPE). In comparing their properties with those of low density PE given the requirement for stiffness in the final product, it is more economical to use these more expensive materials because the container walls can be made thinner. Other blow moldings are made of polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate.

Disposable containers for packaging liquid consumer goods constitute the major share of products made by blow molding; but they are not the only products. Other items include large shipping drums (55 gallon) for liquids and powders, large storage tanks (2000 gallon), automotive gasoline tanks, toys, and hulls for sail boards and small boats. In the latter case, two boat hulls are made in a single blow molding and subsequently cut into two open hulls.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/blow-rotational-molding

PTFE Sheet and Film

PTFE is a fluorocarbon-based polymer that exhibits astonishing chemical resistance and ultra high-purity. Self-lubricating and with a low friction coefficient, PTFE sheets and rods are ideally suited for the manufacture of high-temperature seals, insulators and bearings used in semiconductor, aerospace & chemical processing industries. PTFE's low coefficient of friction makes it suitable for applications where sliding action of parts is needed: such as plain bearings, gears, and slide plates. In these applications, it performs significantly better than nylon and acetal; and is comparable to UHMW. PTFE however can be used over a far wider temperature range than these materials; -100°F to +400°F (-73°C to 204°C) and offers superior electrical insulation properties. Although its' mechanical properties are low compared to other engineering plastics, those properties can be enhanced through the use of additives such as Carbon, Graphite, Bronze, and Glass Fiber.

PTFE has the highest melting point and is capable of continued service at 500F(260 C). FEP is a melt processible resin capable of continued service at 400F(204 C). PTFE products are used as gasket and packing materials in chemical processing equipment; as electrical insulation for maximum reliabillity; and in bearings, seals, piston rings and other mechanical applications, especially those requiring anti-stick characteristics. PTFE has excellent thermal and electrical insulation properties. And, it has a low coefficient of friction. It is difficult to make anything adhere to PTFE. A material may stick to it, but the material can be peeled off or rubbed off.

PTFE Convoluted Tubing

PTFE convoluted tubing is produced using a modified grade of standard PTFE offering the advantage of excellent flex-life performance compared to most other fluoropolymers together with greatly improved stress crack resistance.

Containing fewer pinhole voids than standard material, PTFE convoluted tubing benefits from much lower permeation making it an excellent choice for the transport of fine chemicals and very ‘searching’ gases such as chlorine.

Convoluted PTFE hoses are manufactured with smooth, rounded, helical shaped convolutions whoch help promote easy cleaning and self-draining for the ulitmate high purity, convoluted hose.

Key Features of Convoluted Tubing:

• * Most flexible tubing design;
• * Self draining due to its helical form;
• * Broadest chemical resistance;
• * Serviceable up to 260°C (500°F);
• * Non-wetting;
• * Very low diffusion through wall;
• * UL94 V-O flammability rating, LOI 95%;
• * Smooth surfaces;
• * Numerous connection options;
• * FDA & USP Class VI compliant;

Availability of PTFE Convoluted Tubing:

• * Available in coils or on spools;
• * Cut-to-length;
• * Standard & conductive (fully carbon black or single helical stripe);
• * Thermoformed ends: flanged, flared, cuffed;
• * Ready assembled with connectors;
• * ​Outer helical wire for improved pressure performance and crush resistance;
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• Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/ptfe-convoluted-tube

Flexible Vinyl Tubing

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or “vinyl” is a flexible or rigid material that is chemically nonreactive, relatively nonflammable, hard wearing, and resistant to water and corrosion.

PVC tubing exhibits excellent elongation and drape. It is typically used for lower pressure applications and for OEM designs with complex tubing pathways. Several grades of flexible PVC tubing, include:

Standard: optically clear, odorless, tasteless and nontoxic; FDA compliant.
Chemical & Petrochemical Transfer: Formulated for use in the transfer of chemicals and petrochemicals including gasoline, kerosene, oils, and cutting compounds.
Nylon-Reinforced: Inner braid of nylon provides four times the working pressure of standard PVC tubing; FDA compliant.
Steel Wire-Reinforced: Kink-free, crush resistant; FDA compliant.
Bev-A-Line: High purity process tubing is lightweight, optically clear and transparent, meets standards for food, beverage, pharmaceutical, laboratory and medical device use.
Micro-Line: Mini-bore, is nontoxic, non-contaminating, and biogically stable; well suited for medical and laboratory use.

APPLICATIONS:Medical, laboratory;Food and beverage;Drainage lines;Chemical rocessing;Semiconductor processing;Environmental;Industrial.

Source:https://www.sukoptfe.com/flexible-vinyl-tubing